A bunion is a serious condition that affects the big toe and surrounding joints, more common in women. It occurs when the big toe bends toward the adjacent toe at an unnatural angle, causing the joint at its base, the metatarsal bone, to protrude outward. Bunions can be extremely painful as you put your body weight on the affected joint while walking.
To understand the appropriate time to see a podiatrist, it is first important to discuss the implications of bunions:
There are a multitude of common factors that can cause bunions, including a genetically weak foot structure that becomes more susceptible to damage as you age. In some cases, bunions are caused by arthritis as the bones naturally weaken. This problem can also be the result of years of wearing tight, high-heeled shoes that gradually curl your toes and misalign them properly.
The most telltale symptom of a bunion is a protrusion of the metatarsal bone, which can be accompanied by redness, swelling, and severe pain. When you start experiencing any of these symptoms, seek help from your podiatrist right away. If left untreated, a bunion will continue to develop over time and could affect your ability to walk.
Bunion treatment options are very varied and will generally depend on the severity of the case and other individual characteristics. Treatments can include anything from walking shoes and specialized orthopedic footwear to anti-inflammatory medications. In severe cases, you may need bunion surgery to relieve pain and restore proper foot function. If you have a history of bunions in your family, you can often prevent your children from inheriting the problem by taking them to a podiatrist during their preteen years for a professional diagnosis.
Many times, bunion surgery is necessary to correct the deformity. This is usually a moderately simple outpatient procedure that requires general anesthesia. Once completed, the patient can stay home for the first few days and keep the foot elevated above the heart.
Postoperative pain tends to subside after a week or so, and pain medication will no longer be needed. After this stage, the patient will usually require some type of assisted walking device such as crutches, a knee scooter, or even a cane.
Total recovery time is 8-10 weeks, and physical therapy is also recommended to ensure the best possible outcome.
